Відео

there's a whole line of these features across northern CA, OR, and ID, and is currently in northern WY. 20 million years or so, it'll be somewhere in Montana.

If you look at Yellowstone, it looks like a bow wave with the orphan extinct volcanos on either side leading back to the edge of the continent as the northamerican plate moves over that hot spot

Terry Bonny is a great place to live.

Is it an understatement to say it seems like every active volcano in the world is going off?

Guys can we stop annhilating geothermal feilds

interesting hypothesis... not the only one however. I personally will take some time to accept this one as theory as I have been previously sold on the deep impact idea in the vicinity of south east Oregon/ N. California. A gap in the subducting plate ..."speculations on plume-triggered delaminations" hmmmmm. I like the sentence, "the yellowstone volcano continues to erupt because it continues to erupt" quoting Alt and Hyndman. (As it erupts, the pressure is released from the exceptionally hot rock below it and mantle material rises to take the place of what was removed.) One thing is certain, the plume is huge. I am assuming that you expect your viewers to be educated enough to understand the mechanics of a migrating hot spot. Thanks for the new and fresh interpretation of the genesis of Yellowstone... Seligman, Angela & Bindeman, Ilya & McClaughry, Jason & Stern, Richard & Fisher, Christopher. (2014) huh? I guess i am needing to catch up on my reading. thanks again -e

I don't think your statement about the Crooked River caldera being the first from the Yellowstone Hotspot is correct. There is pretty good geological evidence that Siletzia, which docked with N.A. about 45 MYA (also coincides with the timing of the sharp bend in the Hawaii / Emperor seamount chain, and that's not coincidence), was a large igneous province born of the same hot spot. Likewise there's at least one piece of an exotic terrane in northern Canada which is geochemically linked to the hot spot. I enjoy your presentations .. keep up the good work!

I live in Portland and at first I was very confused because we live just a few miles from Powell Butte and I was completely unaware that the Crooked River Caldera also has the Powell Buttes in the center of the state. Great video!

Do drained magma chambers actually have void filled with gas separating a lake surface and a ceiling, like shown in diagrams, or are they just filled with magma at such low pressure that it doesn't hold up the ceiling anymore, the ceiling disintegrating falling and whoosh expelling the rest of the magma?

like cool but i dont understand how can some people believe most of these statistics. Statistic about how often that big rock from space falls on earth is completely made up as most statistics. Or about strength of the meteorite is also wrong statistic.

that was a nuke 3:15

Smith Rock is accessible by a short walk from the parking area. Hwy 242, from Sister, will get you to the top of the Cascades and most recent lava flows.

3:14 Das an atom bomb. 3:43 Das an atom bomb too.

suggestion...... take a look at mount rainier here in the Seattle area there is a side of the mountain that looks like it will collapse (north-side face) and every year it looks worse in the summer with all the snow metling off it.. what about the possibilities of a collapse?

Area just east of Crooked River Caldera, could be another unidentified caldera filled with Crooked River & Crater Lake ash.

Thanks for the NJ shoutout! lol.. really does help give a sense of scale though.

I've actually been to this area, its a spectacular landscape though the caldera rim is not obvious at all

The area around Prineville and the Ochoco mountains is incredibly rich in rocks known as thundereggs. These are not well understood, though it is known that they have a volcanic origin. They're quite beautiful rocks and popular with PNW rockhounds.

Here's the thing, despite all of the North American plate and adjacent Exotic Terrane conveyance, the center of the Crooked River caldera (CRC) near Smith Rock rhyolite extrusion is on the same exact N44.36 degree latitude as the current Yellowstone caldera (YHS,) which it was on @30 million years ago; it's as if it only moved due West while the younger Yellowstone calderas moved due Southwest over the 30MA (million year) period. It requires extremely complicated mobility gymnastics including "Slab Roll-back" (theoretical,) Basin & Range extension and Northwest rotation over that period of time. There are other geologists who doubt the CRC-YHS track connection altogether because of the misplacement so far to the NE of where the original @30MA YHS track "should be" according to the track path, which would put it in N. California, over 200 miles South of the CRC. Moreover, not mentioned here are two more calderas to the East of the CRC in NE Oregon- Wildcat caldera, just 10 miles NE, but 10-12MA older, and the Tower Mtn. caldera about the same age as CRC, but @125 miles NE. The reverse directional aging of the Wildcat Caldera and the distant separation of the Tower Mtn. caldera doesn't correlate with the 17MA YHS path character. Assuming a CRC-YHS connection can still be made because the YHS path is on homogenous North American Craton, while the CRC and other calderas are on much less cohesive cordilleran lithosphere, which can explain the random placements i.e., Columbia flood basalt Province also connected with the YHS.

Where was this area located during that time frame? If memory serves I seem to think maybe off shore of Present northern California?

I would really love a more in-depth explanation of caldera formation. You always show the magma chamber part-emptying before collapsing. But what would bring out the magma? I would think that as the magma escapes to the surface, the pressure gradually drops, and before emptying the magma chamber, the pressure would drop to a level at which it can no longer propel the magma to the surface. So what would make sense to me is the magma chamber roof collapsing as the pressure in the chamber drops, and the weight of the collapsed roof helps emptying some more magma. Is that correct or did I miss some physical process?

So that's how all the cinder came about throughout that area including burns

106 mile annihilations have a tendency to be anywhere from somewhat to extremely unsettling.

Do calderas actually get empty and collapse, or is it like Kilaeua in 2018 where the caldera collapses progressively as the eruption happens?

i agree.......its a crap definition......kinda like the EF Scale is crap too.....

Can't beat NTS nuke test footage.

Wait a minute. Something you said makes no sense. How could this eruption be the FIRST eruption from the Yellowstone hotspot when even the youngest of the Yellowstone calderas is about twice as old as Crooked River?

I heard (probably from a nick zentner video) the Yellowstone hotspot began with a flood basalt island building event in the pacific, known as siletzia, and there was a gap of some sort between the eruption under the sea and the first eruptions on land as the subducting farallon plate sort of blocked the hotspot for a time as north America moved west and siletzia was accreted And this caldera was part of the "line" of Yellowstone calderas but the tectonics rotated it northwest so it no longer lines up

29.6 MYA? Seems like yesterday.....

The YHS is probably at least 58 million years old. Earlier eruptions than the Crooked River Caldera (if indeed it is realted to the YHS) include the Tillamook volcanics in the northern Oregon Ciast Range, which occured when the North American continent first overrode the YHS -- and, earlier still, the effusive eruptions which generated the oceanic large igneous province called _Siletzia,_ which accreted to the N. American plate and makes up the basement rock of much of Western Oregon and Washington.

All the maps of prior hotspot eruptions I have found show the earliest ones being way farther south on the border of Oregon and Nevada?

Hm, have you changed your preferred explanation of the cause of the yellowstone hotspot? I think I recall in the past you mentioning it being primarily caused by upwelling of subducted material from the Farallon plate, or I might be misremembering and mixing it up with another area. I did learn a while ago about the ongoing debate over the existence of(?)/significance of mantle plumes which is what made me think of it.

I would like to see the explanation of the forming of the adirondack mountains of new york.

Thanks as always, Geology Hub. It may be me, but eruptions like that which created the Crooked River caldera are among the most fascinating types of volcanic phenomena, alongside Large Igneous Provinces.

Just wondering, did the Yellowstone hotspot create any prior volcanic edifices such as lava domes or stratovolcanoes before it's caldera-forming eruption?

Been waiting on this one for years! BTW Terrebonne = Ter-ra-bon Ochoco Reservoir = O-cha-ko

Would have been hilarious to imagine what it would've been like to anything living in the Southwest (Near what would become the town of La Garita).

Vid about desert landscapes in Greece?

its said as O cha co reservoir.

Note that the specifics of the Yellowstone hotspot are complicated there is now evidence to suggest the plume has been active since 58 million years ago based on the oldest volcanic samples from the Yakutat terrain. This appears to have been emplaced along or near adjacent to the mid ocean ridge since its igneous petrology shows that while predominately plume derived Ocean Island basalt enriched in elements common deep below in the earth and depleted in the upper mantle there was/is a contribution of Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt suggesting it may have started about more like Iceland as a ridge aligned hot spot prior to its collision with North America. This is supported by the LIP associated with the hot spot being in 2 major pieces Siletzia which was due to still being young and hot primarily accreted to the continent starting 49 Million years ago and Yakutat which was carried Northwest with the Pacific plate and is currently subducting into the Aleutian trench. The chemical evolution of this hotspot can be traced out over time showing how the chemical composition of the sampled upper mantle has evolved over time as the plume approached the continent and eventually passed beneath the continent. You also need to account for the clockwise rotation to trace the hotspot back this appears to correspond to the relative differential in motion between North America and the East Pacific Rise+ Yellowstone hotspot system. There is a whole fascinating long history here which scientists have only just begun to piece together.

I do live in Prineville, thank you for covering this. And covering it accurately.

my grandma lived in prineville. always wondered about the mtn on the NE edge of town

"Only 29.5 MYA..." Darn, just missed it!

that was the old yellowstone hotspot. you can see the area burned out in its path through Idaho: the Snake River Plain.

Best episode ever!

FYI, the locals say 'tera-bone'

Been to Smith Rock, I had no idea it was related to Yellowstone

You forgot to mention the clock wise motion of the plate that moved this caldera to its current position in Oregon.

I love your coverage especially in Oregon and Washington. Thank you.

See, this is why I love your channel. I lived in WA for 40 years (Senior in h.s. till April 2019) and I only learned about Indian Heaven and West Crater fairly recently. Now you show two MORE volcanic features I didn't know about!